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1.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 103(1): 35-46, mar.2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-758496

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades periodontales son consecuencia de la acumulación de la placa dental. Las bacterias presentes en ella inician un proceso inflamatorio en los tejidos periodontales por medio de la liberación de toxinas bacterianas. El tratamiento indicado implica terapias mecánicas no quirúrgicas y quirúrgicas y, en algunos casos, terapia farmacológica. En pacientes que no responden a la terapia mecánica, los estudios sugieren el uso de terapias complementarias con antibióticos locales o sistémicos. En esos casos, es necesario el desarreglo previo de la placa dental adherida a la superficie radicular. Los antibióticos, junto con el raspado y alisado radicular (RAR) y el colgajo periodontal, son una alternativa de agentes terapéuticos, pues garantizan resultados satisfactorios en el tratamiento periodontal. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar las propiedades de los antibióticos como agentes coadyuvantes de la terapia periodontal...


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Periodontal Diseases/drug therapy , Administration, Buccal , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use , Drug Combinations , Drug Interactions , Macrolides/therapeutic use , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Quinolones/therapeutic use , Systemic Management , Tetracyclines/therapeutic use
2.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 103(1): 35-46, mar.2015. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-133848

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades periodontales son consecuencia de la acumulación de la placa dental. Las bacterias presentes en ella inician un proceso inflamatorio en los tejidos periodontales por medio de la liberación de toxinas bacterianas. El tratamiento indicado implica terapias mecánicas no quirúrgicas y quirúrgicas y, en algunos casos, terapia farmacológica. En pacientes que no responden a la terapia mecánica, los estudios sugieren el uso de terapias complementarias con antibióticos locales o sistémicos. En esos casos, es necesario el desarreglo previo de la placa dental adherida a la superficie radicular. Los antibióticos, junto con el raspado y alisado radicular (RAR) y el colgajo periodontal, son una alternativa de agentes terapéuticos, pues garantizan resultados satisfactorios en el tratamiento periodontal. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar las propiedades de los antibióticos como agentes coadyuvantes de la terapia periodontal...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Periodontal Diseases/drug therapy , Drug Combinations , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use , Tetracyclines/therapeutic use , Drug Interactions , Macrolides/therapeutic use , Metronidazole/therapeutic use , Administration, Buccal , Systemic Management , Quinolones/therapeutic use
3.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 102(3): 137-144, sept. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-731431

ABSTRACT

Las bacterias dentro de las bolsas periodontales deben ser eliminadas mecánicamente a través de procedimientos quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos. Antes de realizar procedimientos invasivos en pacientes con compromiso sistémico, se deben conocer los fundamentos para la prevención de complicaciones por bacteriemias, como la endocarditis infecciosa. Objetivo: indagar el uso de los antibióticos y antisépticos en la profilaxis de la endocarditis infecciosa durante la terapia periodontal. Método: se realizó una búsqueda de estudios de casos y controles, de cohorte transversal y metaanálisis en las bases de datos Medline-Pubmed, LILACS y Dialnet, acerca de la profilaxis de la endocarditis infecciosa. Resultados: los estudios reportan que antes de iniciar un tratamiento periodontal debe considerarse el riesgo local, el tipo de procedimiento dental y las condiciones sistémicas del paciente que ameriten profilaxis antibiótica. Conclusión: la clorhexidina y la amoxicilina pueden emplearse antes de cualquier procedimiento invasivo que provoque sangrado, para prevenir endocarditis infecciosa


Subject(s)
Humans , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Mouthwashes/therapeutic use , Endocarditis/prevention & control , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use , Dental Care for Chronically Ill/methods , Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use , Risk Factors
4.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 102(3): 137-144, sept. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-131667

ABSTRACT

Las bacterias dentro de las bolsas periodontales deben ser eliminadas mecánicamente a través de procedimientos quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos. Antes de realizar procedimientos invasivos en pacientes con compromiso sistémico, se deben conocer los fundamentos para la prevención de complicaciones por bacteriemias, como la endocarditis infecciosa. Objetivo: indagar el uso de los antibióticos y antisépticos en la profilaxis de la endocarditis infecciosa durante la terapia periodontal. Método: se realizó una búsqueda de estudios de casos y controles, de cohorte transversal y metaanálisis en las bases de datos Medline-Pubmed, LILACS y Dialnet, acerca de la profilaxis de la endocarditis infecciosa. Resultados: los estudios reportan que antes de iniciar un tratamiento periodontal debe considerarse el riesgo local, el tipo de procedimiento dental y las condiciones sistémicas del paciente que ameriten profilaxis antibiótica. Conclusión: la clorhexidina y la amoxicilina pueden emplearse antes de cualquier procedimiento invasivo que provoque sangrado, para prevenir endocarditis infecciosa (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Mouthwashes/therapeutic use , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Endocarditis/prevention & control , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Risk Factors , Dental Care for Chronically Ill/methods , Chlorhexidine/therapeutic use , Amoxicillin/therapeutic use
5.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 102(2): 87-94, abr.-jun. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724483

ABSTRACT

En la enfermedad periodontal, la acumulación de bacterias gramnegativas, genera una respuesta inmunoinflamatoria que es modulada por el mecanismo de defensa del paciente. El tratamiento de modulación del huésped (TMH), ha sido incorporado como una opción farmacológica para el control de la enfermedad periodontal. El objetivo de la revisión fue investigar los efectos de los inhibidores de la colagenasa tisular y de los analgésicos antiinflamatorios no esteroides (AINES) como agentes moduladores de la enfermedad periodontal. A tal fin, se realizó una búsqueda de estudios de casos, controles y revisiones, empleando las bases de datos Medline-PubMed, LILACS y Dialnet. Se encontró que los resultados de las terapias de modulación del huésped tienen como blanco los mediadores proinflamatorios y enzimas destructivas que degradan el colágeno y destruyen tejido óseo, equilibrando y aumentando las acciones antiinflamatorias y protectivas. Los fármacos usados en el TMH regulan los procesos destructivos de la respuesta inmunoinflamatoria en presencia de placa dental, sobre todo en pacientes susceptibles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/immunology , Autoimmunity/physiology , Periodontal Diseases/immunology , Periodontal Diseases/drug therapy , Case-Control Studies , Collagenases/physiology , Databases, Bibliographic
6.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 102(2): 87-94, abr.-jun. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-131797

ABSTRACT

En la enfermedad periodontal, la acumulación de bacterias gramnegativas, genera una respuesta inmunoinflamatoria que es modulada por el mecanismo de defensa del paciente. El tratamiento de modulación del huésped (TMH), ha sido incorporado como una opción farmacológica para el control de la enfermedad periodontal. El objetivo de la revisión fue investigar los efectos de los inhibidores de la colagenasa tisular y de los analgésicos antiinflamatorios no esteroides (AINES) como agentes moduladores de la enfermedad periodontal. A tal fin, se realizó una búsqueda de estudios de casos, controles y revisiones, empleando las bases de datos Medline-PubMed, LILACS y Dialnet. Se encontró que los resultados de las terapias de modulación del huésped tienen como blanco los mediadores proinflamatorios y enzimas destructivas que degradan el colágeno y destruyen tejido óseo, equilibrando y aumentando las acciones antiinflamatorias y protectivas. Los fármacos usados en el TMH regulan los procesos destructivos de la respuesta inmunoinflamatoria en presencia de placa dental, sobre todo en pacientes susceptibles.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Periodontal Diseases/immunology , Autoimmunity/physiology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/immunology , Periodontal Diseases/drug therapy , Collagenases/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Databases, Bibliographic
7.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 19(1): e38-e43, ene. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-118251

ABSTRACT

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic widely prescribed; its most frequent side effects are gastrointestinal disorders and hypersensitivity reactions. Over the last 10 years studies have been published which suggest that amoxicillin may cause dental alterations similar to dental fluorosis. Never the less, the results are not conclusive, this is why it was planned the need to make controlled studies on test animals. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect produced by amoxicillin prenatal administration on dental enamel in Wistar rats. Study DESIGN: 12 pregnant adult rats were used distributed into five different groups: witness control (n=2) didn't get any treatment; negative control (n=2) they were prescribed with saline solution; positive control (n=3) they were prescribed with tetracycline 130 mg/kg, and two groups (n=3 and n=2) treated with amoxicillin doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively. The treatments were daily administered by mouth, from the 6th gestation day to the end of gestation. Twenty five days after they were born, the offspring were sacrificed with a sodium pentobarbital overdose, the mandible was dissected and the first lower molars were gotten. The samples were fixed in 10% for-maldehyde solution and clinically and histologically observed to determine any enamel disorders. RESULTS: hypomineralization was observed in every single sample of the tetracyclic and amoxicillin treated group 100 mg/kg, meanwhile only 50% from the group administered with 50 mg/kg amoxicillin showed this histologi-cal disorder. CONCLUSIONS: the side effect caused by amoxicillin on dental enamel was doses dependent


No disponible


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Maternal Exposure/adverse effects , Amoxicillin/adverse effects , Tooth Demineralization/chemically induced , Dental Enamel , Models, Animal , Case-Control Studies
8.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 19(1): e38-43, 2014 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24121904

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Amoxicillin is an antibiotic widely prescribed; its most frequent side effects are gastrointestinal disorders and hypersensitivity reactions. Over the last 10 years studies have been published which suggest that amoxicillin may cause dental alterations similar to dental fluorosis. Never the less, the results are not conclusive, this is why it was planned the need to make controlled studies on test animals. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect produced by amoxicillin prenatal administration on dental enamel in Wistar rats. STUDY DESIGN: 12 pregnant adult rats were used distributed into five different groups: witness control (n=2) didn't get any treatment; negative control (n=2) they were prescribed with saline solution; positive control (n=3) they were prescribed with tetracycline 130 mg/kg, and two groups (n=3 and n=2) treated with amoxicillin doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively. The treatments were daily administered by mouth, from the 6th gestation day to the end of gestation. Twenty five days after they were born, the offspring were sacrificed with a sodium pentobarbital overdose, the mandible was dissected and the first lower molars were gotten. The samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and clinically and histologically observed to determine any enamel disorders. RESULTS: hypomineralization was observed in every single sample of the tetracyclic and amoxicillin treated group 100 mg/kg, meanwhile only 50% from the group administered with 50 mg/kg amoxicillin showed this histological disorder. CONCLUSIONS: the side effect caused by amoxicillin on dental enamel was doses dependent.


Subject(s)
Amoxicillin/adverse effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Dental Enamel/drug effects , Fetus/drug effects , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/chemically induced , Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Rats, Wistar
9.
Dentum (Barc.) ; 10(1): 29-32, ene.-mar. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-83943

ABSTRACT

La atención interdisciplinaria en pacientes de alto riesgo que presentan necesidades especiales pueden proporcionar un tratamiento odontológico de calidad, ya que en estos casos se amerita una práctica odontológica en condiciones de máxima seguridad. De igual manera, debe considerarse que este tipo de población por razones físicas o fisiológicas no está en condiciones de colaborar mínimanente con el profesional de la odontología para garantizar y permitir un tratamiento integral. Para ello, se debe recurrir entre otras cosas a la anestesia general como herramienta valiosa, para solventar las patologías bucodentarias, las cuales, de otra forma no podrían solucionarse. Para aplicar la anestesia general es importante cumplir y seguir ciertos lineamientos conducentes al éxito esperado. Por ello, se expone un caso clínico, donde se evidencian las ventajas del uso de la anestesia general. Se concluye que se debe caracterizar el manejo odontológico al momento de atender un paciente con discapacidad que presentan patologías orales severas, definiéndolos parámetros a seguir para una optima atención, minimizado los riesgos, siendo la anestesia general ideal para rehabilitar en condiciones integras a estos pacientes (AU)


The interdisciplinary attention in patients of high risk who present special needs can provide an odontological treatment of quality, since in these cases an odontological practice in conditions of maximum-security is deserved. In a same way, it must be considered that this type of population for physical or physiological reasons cannot to collaborate with the dentist to guarantee and to allow an integral treatment. For it, one is due among others to resort things to the general anesthesia like valuable tool, to resolve the mouth pathologies, which of another form could not be solved. In order to apply the general anesthesia it is important to follow certain methods the awaited success. For this reason, a clinical case is exposed, where the advantages of the use of the general anesthesia are evidenced. One concludes that the odontological handling at the time of taking care of a patient with incapacity is due to characterize that presents severe oral pathologies, defining the parameters to follow for a optimum attention, diminished the risks, being the ideal general anesthesia to rehabilitate in integral conditions these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Disabled Persons , Gingivectomy/methods , Anesthesia, General
10.
Invest. clín ; 50(4): 479-489, dic. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-574439

ABSTRACT

La gabapentina es un agente útil para el alivio de la neuralgia del trigémino y el dolor orofacial fantasma. Sin embargo, existe poca información sobre el efecto antinociceptivo de la gabapentina en los modelos de dolor orofacial. En este trabajo se investigó el efecto antinociceptivo de la gabapentina sobre el acicalado facial en la rata, provocado por la inyección de la formalina, un paradigma de dolor orofacial. La dosis de 10 mg/kg IP de la gabapentina produjo una drástica disminución del acicalado facial en la fase I y II indicando un claro efecto antinociceptivo. Sin embargo, en la dosis de 1 mg/kg IP, la gabapentina tuvo un efecto antinociceptivo sólo en la fase I. La D-serina (100 µg, ICV) no produjo efecto inyectada sola y no antagonizó el efecto antinociceptivo de la gabapentina. Por el contrario, la combinación de la gabapentina-1 mg/kg IP más D-serina redujo significativamente el acicalado facial en la fase II. Este resultado muestra una diferencia con estudios en que la gabapentina induce antinocicepción en la prueba de la formalina en la pata de la rata sólo en la fase II y la D-serina antagoniza a la gabapentina. Los resultados se discuten en relación al proceso de dolor en la pata posterior versus la estimulación dolorosa orofacial.


Gabapentin is a useful agent for the relief of trigeminal neuralgia and orofacial phantom pain. However, there is scarce information on the gabapentin analgesic effect in orofacial pain models. We tested the analgesic action of gabapentin on the formalin-induced face grooming in the rat, an orofacial pain paradigm. IP Gabapentin (10 mg/kg), induced a drastic reduction in face grooming during phase I and II, indicating a clear-cut antinociceptive effect. However, at 1 mg/kg, gabapentin had an analgesic effect only on phase I. D-serine (100 µg, ICV) was silent when given alone and did not antagonize the antinociceptive effect of gabapentin. On the contrary, gabapentin 1 mg/kg plus D-serine significantly reduced face grooming in phase II. These results show a difference between gabapentin induced orofacial analgesia and previous studies showing gabapentin-induced hind paw analgesia in the formalin test, only during phase II, as well as D-serine antagonism of gabapentin. The results are discussed in terms of different pain processing of hind paw, versus orofacial nociceptive stimulation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Analgesics/therapeutic use , Pain Measurement/methods , Facial Pain/therapy , Trigeminal Neuralgia/therapy
11.
Invest Clin ; 50(4): 479-89, 2009 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20306721

ABSTRACT

Gabapentin is a useful agent for the relief of trigeminal neuralgia and orofacial phantom pain. However, there is scarce information on the gabapentin analgesic effect in orofacial pain models. We tested the analgesic action of gabapentin on the formalin-induced face grooming in the rat, an orofacial pain paradigm. IP Gabapentin (10 mg/kg), induced a drastic reduction in face grooming during phase I and II, indicating a clear-cut antinociceptive effect. However, at 1 mg/kg, gabapentin had an analgesic effect only on phase I. D-serine (100 microg, ICV) was silent when given alone and did not antagonize the antinociceptive effect of gabapentin. On the contrary, gabapentin 1 mg/kg plus D-serine significantly reduced face grooming in phase II. These results show a difference between gabapentin induced orofacial analgesia and previous studies showing gabapentin-induced hind paw analgesia in the formalin test, only during phase II, as well as D-serine antagonism of gabapentin. The results are discussed in terms of different pain processing of hind paw, versus orofacial nociceptive stimulation.


Subject(s)
Amines/pharmacology , Analgesics/pharmacology , Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids/pharmacology , Facial Pain/drug therapy , Pain Measurement/drug effects , Serine/pharmacology , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Drug Interactions , Facial Pain/diagnosis , Gabapentin , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
12.
Acta odontol. venez ; 46(1): 92-93, mar. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630150

ABSTRACT

Los virus de papiloma humano son un grupo de virus con genoma de ácido dexosiribonucleico, los cuales necesitan una célula hospedera para reproducirse y multiplicarse. La infección por el virus papiloma humano se ha asociado con lesiones epiteliales hiperplasicas, papilomatosas y carcinomas verrugosos en la piel y en diferentes tipos de mucosas, incluyendo el tracto anogenital, uretra y las mucosas traqueobronquial, nasal, de la laringe y de la cavidad bucal. En la actualidad se han descrito alrededor de 100 tipos de virus papiloma humano. Las verrugas comunes o verrugas vulgares son lesiones de la infancia producidas por los virus papiloma humano 2, 4, y 40, se presentan como nodulos benignos elevados y firmes con proyecciones papilomatosas características en la superficie. El sitio más común de aparición es en la piel de los dedos. Las lesiones orales son relativamente raras y usualmente causadas por autoinoculación a partir de las lesiones de dedos y manos. Nosotros reportamos un caso de múltiples verrugas vulgares bucales, en una niña de 12 años sin lesiones semejantes en ninguna otra zona del cuerpo.


The human papilloma viruses with desoxyribonucleic acid genome which need a host cell for their reproduction and multiplication. The human papilloma virus infection has been associated to epithelium hyperplastic, papillomas and verrucous carcinoma lesions on the skin and differents kind of mucous. Including anogenital tract, uretra and tracheobronquial, nasal, lariyngeal and oral mucous. Currently, about 100 kinds of human papilloma viruses have been described. The common wart or verruca vulgaris are lesions of childhood caused by HPV 2, 4, and 40. These are benign, elevated, firm nodules with characteristic papillomatous surface projections. The most common site of occurrence is the finger. Oral lesions are relatively rare and are usually caused by auto inoculation from lesions on the fingers and hands. We here with report a case of oral verruca vulgaris that occurred in a middle-aged individual without any wart like lesions elsewhere in the body.

13.
Braz Dent J ; 19(4): 318-22, 2008.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19180321

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to determine arginine and glutamate levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of adult chronic periodontitis patients versus periodontally healthy controls, and to compare two kinds of microdialysis probes: normal and U-shaped probes. The analysis of GCF components was developed to improve the diagnosis of periodontal disease (PD). Proteolysis in the periodontal tissues increases the concentration of amino acids (aa) in the GCF and the levels of these aa may reveal PD features and stages. GCF samples were collected by microdialysis in situ from 5 periodontally affected sites (probing depth >or=5 mm, clinical attachment loss >or=3 mm) in 14 adult chronic periodontitis patients and from 14 adult periodontally healthy controls. Capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to laser induced fluorescence detection was used to measure concentration of arginine and glutamate in the GCF. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests (á=0.05). Arginine concentration was increased (p<0.001) and glutamate concentration was decreased (p<0.001) in chronic periodontitis patients as compared to controls. There were no significant differences (p=0.069) between the normal and U-shaped probes. In conclusion, the increase of arginine and decrease of glutamate concentration in GCF were associated to the presence of periodontitis, and might be used as markers to recognize periodontally susceptible subjects as well as to evaluate the treatment course.


Subject(s)
Adhesins, Bacterial/metabolism , Arginine/analysis , Chronic Periodontitis/microbiology , Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry , Glutamic Acid/analysis , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Electrophoresis, Capillary/methods , Female , Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases , Humans , Male , Microdialysis/instrumentation , Porphyromonas gingivalis/metabolism , Young Adult
14.
Braz. dent. j ; 19(4): 318-322, 2008. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-504194

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to determine arginine and glutamate levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of adult chronic periodontitis patients versus periodontally healthy controls, and to compare two kinds of microdialysis probes: normal and U-shaped probes. The analysis of GCF components was developed to improve the diagnosis of periodontal disease (PD). Proteolysis in the periodontal tissues increases the concentration of amino acids (aa) in the GCF and the levels of these aa may reveal PD features and stages. GCF samples were collected by microdialysis in situ from 5 periodontally affected sites (probing depth >5 mm, clinical attachment loss >3 mm) in 14 adult chronic periodontitis patients and from 14 adult periodontally healthy controls. Capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to laser induced fluorescence detection was used to measure concentration of arginine and glutamate in the GCF. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests (?=0.05). Arginine concentration was increased (p<0.001) and glutamate concentration was decreased (p<0.001) in chronic periodontitis patients as compared to controls. There were no significant differences (p=0.069) between the normal and U-shaped probes. In conclusion, the increase of arginine and decrease of glutamate concentration in GCF were associated to the presence of periodontitis, and might be used as markers to recognize periodontally susceptible subjects as well as to evaluate the treatment course.


Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar os níveis de arginina e glutamato no fluido gengival crevicular (FGC) em pacientes com periodontite crônica contra controles saudáveis e comparar dois tipos de cânulas de microdiálise: normais e em forma de U. A análise dos componentes do FGC desenvolveu-se para melhorar o diagnóstico da doença periodontal (DP). A proteólise dos tecidos periodontais aumenta a concentração de aminoácidos (aa) no FGC e os níveis destes aa podem revelar as características e estágios da DP. Amostras de FGC foram obtidas pela técnica de microdiálise in situ de cinco zonas com o periodonto afetado (profundidade de sondagem >5 mm, perda da inserção clínica >3 mm) em 14 pacientes adultos com periodontite crônica e 14 controles saudáveis. Para medir a concentração de arginina e glutamato no GFC, usou-se a técnica de eletroforese capilar com detecção de fluorescência induzida por laser. Nos pacientes com periodontite crônica, a concentração de arginina aumentou significantemente (p<0.001), enquanto a de glutamato diminuiu significantemente (p<0.001) em comparação aos controles. Não houve diferenças significantes (p=0.069) entre as cânulas normais e as cânulas em forma de U. Conclui-se que o aumento da concentração de arginina e diminuição de glutamato no FGC estavam associados à presença de periodontite, e podem ser usados como marcadores para identificar pacientes suscetíveis à periodontite bem como avaliar a evolução do tratamento.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Adhesins, Bacterial/metabolism , Arginine/analysis , Chronic Periodontitis/microbiology , Cysteine Endopeptidases/metabolism , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry , Glutamic Acid/analysis , Case-Control Studies , Electrophoresis, Capillary/methods , Microdialysis/instrumentation , Porphyromonas gingivalis/metabolism , Young Adult
15.
Acta odontol. venez ; 45(2): 166-171, 2007. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-499574

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar los niveles extracelulares de glutamato y aspartato en el fluido del surco gingival (GCF) de personas adultas, en la periodontitis crónica localizada inducida por placa (PCIP) y la gingivitis inducida por placa (GIP). La enfermedad periodontal produce cambios inflamatorios en los tejidos de sostén de las piezas dentales afectadas. El análisis químico del GCF, con diferentes métodos de colección y análisis, ha sido usado para determinar la presencia de algunos elementos inflamatorios que aparecen en la enfermedad periodontal, tales como diversas enzimas, aminoácidos, etc.Las muestras del GCF se tomaron con la técnica de microdiálisis en las zonas dentales con PCIP con una profundidad del surco > 3 mm; pérdida de soporte > 2mm y en las zonas dentales con GIP en el mismo paciente (n=10) Total de muestras: 100. Para medir el glutamato y aspartato en el GCF se usó la técnica de electroforesis capilar acoplada a laser con detección inducida por fluorescencia (CZE-LIFD). Los resultados mostraron que en los dientes con PCIP el glutamato disminuyó (p<0.05) y el aspartato aumentó (p< 0.02) en comparación con los dientes con GIP.


The objective of this work was to compare glutamate and aspartate levels in periodontal chronic localized disease (PCIP) and dental zones with gingivitis (GIP) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Periodontal inflammation produces histological changes, increase of blood irrigation and also increase of subgingival fluid. GCF was recognized as an inflammatory exudes derived from the periodontal tissue. Different methods to collect and analyze GCF samples had been used to identify some substances in the GCF, such as the proteinglycans metabolite, to be a possible marker of active periodontal disease. A combination of microdialysis in situ in dental zones with PCIP (probing depth > 3 mm; attachment level > 2 mm) and dental zones with GIP (n=10), total samples: 100, and capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to a laser induced fluorescence detection (CZE-LIFD) was used to measure extracellular concentrations of amino acids: glutamate and aspartate in the GCF in adult patients The results showed that glutamate decrease (p<0.05) and aspartate increase (p<0.02) in PCIP disease zones compared with dental zones with GIP. We observed chemical in vivo evidence that differentiate the GIP zones and PCIP zones.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , D-Aspartic Acid/analysis , D-Aspartic Acid/physiology , Glutamic Acid/analysis , Glutamic Acid/physiology , Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry , Periodontitis/enzymology , Periodontitis/physiopathology , Analysis of Variance , Electrophoresis, Capillary/methods , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Venezuela
16.
Brain Res ; 1005(1-2): 154-63, 2004 Apr 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15044074

ABSTRACT

The relationship between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala during the presentation of an unconditioned fear stimulus was assessed. Rats underwent bilateral ibotenic acid or vehicle administration into the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Five weeks later, the behavior as well as the neurochemical changes in the amygdala was evaluated before and after a brief cat presentation. Lesioned animal freezing behavior increased 10 times when compared to controls. In the right basolateral amygdala, basal concentrations of 5-HT, 5-HIAA, glutamate and serine were elevated but basal level of GABA was diminished in lesioned animals relative to controls. Sham but not lesioned animals increased 5-HT and decreased GABA and serine levels after cat presentation. Phasic changes in glutamate were not detected either in lesioned or shams but the difference in amygdala glutamate between lesioned and shams persisted after cat presentation. These data show that increased serotonin and glutamate tone and decreased gabaergic tone in the amygdala correlate to elevated fear and anxiety after prefrontal cortex ibotenic acid lesion. The lesion also seems to produce a failure of adaptive changes in neurotransmitter systems revealing lost of control of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex over the amygdala in frightening situations.


Subject(s)
Amygdala/metabolism , Glutamic Acid/metabolism , Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism , Serotonin/metabolism , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism , Animals , Cats , Fear/physiology , Male , Prefrontal Cortex/physiology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Synaptic Transmission/physiology , Time Factors
17.
Invest. clín ; 44(4): 291-302, dic. 2003. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630896

ABSTRACT

Resumen. El envenenamiento por escorpiones es un problema de salud pública en la zona suroccidental de Venezuela. El Tityus zulianus es uno de los escorpiones que causa, especialmente en niños, edema pulmonar e insuficiencia cardíaca que pueden ser fatales y que se han atribuido en parte a una gran descarga simpática. La administración intraperitoneal de (20 µg/g peso) de veneno del T. zulianus a ratones anestesiados durante microdiálisis subcutánea provocó aumento de secreciones, dificultad respiratoria, convulsiones y muerte entre 30 min a 2 h. En los dializados recolectados antes y después de recibir el veneno, se analizaron 7 aminoácidos por electroforesis capilar con detección mediante fluorescencia inducida por láser (EC-DFIL). Se encontró un aumento en arginina (39%), fenilalanina (40%) y glutamato (94%), sin cambios en valina, serina y aspartato, en los animales que recibieron veneno con respecto a sus valores pretratamiento. Estos cambios porcentuales fueron significativos al comparar veneno vs. vehículo después de la inyección; y antes vs. después de recibir el veneno. Para este momento no hay una explicación clara del significado de estos aumentos de aminoácidos específicos. Se requieren nuevos estudios para conocer si estos cambios bioquímicos tienen o no una relación con los mecanismos de acción molecular del veneno o algunos de sus componentes y/o con las manifestaciones clínicas. De acuerdo con la literatura revisada, este es el primer reporte de la combinación de microdiálisis subcutánea y EC-DFIL en el estudio in vivo del emponzoñamiento por escorpiones en ratones.


Abstract. Scorpion human envenoming is a public health hazard in the southwest of Venezuela. Tityus zulianus is one of the scorpion species whose venom causes lung edema and cardiac failure in children. These occasionally deadly manifestations have been attributed to a massive sympathetic discharge. The intraperitoneal administration of T. zulianus venom (20 µg/g mouse) to anesthetized mice during subcutaneous microdialysis caused increased secretions, dyspnea, seizures and death between 30 min to 2 h. Seven amino acids were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIFD) in the collected samples before and after the venom administration. We found an increase of arginine (39%), phenylalanine (40%) and glutamate (94%), with no changes in valine, serine and aspartate, changes were significant when the injection of venom and vehicle were compared and before vs after venom injection. Further investigation is needed to know if the observed changes could be related to the molecular mechanisms of the venom or some of its components and therefore with the envenoming symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report with subcutaneous microdialysis and CE-LIFD coupling in scorpion envenomation studies in vivo, in mice.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Amino Acids/biosynthesis , Scorpion Venoms/administration & dosage , Amino Acids/analysis , Electrophoresis, Capillary , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Microdialysis/methods , Skin
18.
Invest Clin ; 44(4): 291-302, 2003 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14727383

ABSTRACT

Scorpion human envenoming is a public health hazard in the southwest of Venezuela. Tityus zulianus is one of the scorpion species whose venom causes lung edema and cardiac failure in children. These occasionally deadly manifestations have been attributed to a massive sympathetic discharge. The intraperitoneal administration of T. zulianus venom (20 micrograms/g mouse) to anesthetized mice during subcutaneous microdialysis caused increased secretions, dyspnea, seizures and death between 30 min to 2 h. Seven amino acids were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIFD) in the collected samples before and after the venom administration. We found an increase of arginine (39%), phenylalanine (40%) and glutamate (94%), with no changes in valine, serine and aspartate, changes were significant when the injection of venom and vehicle were compared and before vs after venom injection. Further investigation is needed to know if the observed changes could be related to the molecular mechanisms of the venom or some of its components and therefore with the envenoming symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report with subcutaneous microdialysis and CE-LIFD coupling in scorpion envenomation studies in vivo, in mice.


Subject(s)
Amino Acids/biosynthesis , Scorpion Venoms/administration & dosage , Amino Acids/analysis , Animals , Electrophoresis, Capillary , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Male , Mice , Microdialysis/methods , Skin
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